Civil Rights

Your Rights, Protected: Understanding Your Legal Options When Facing Government Misconduct

Have your rights been violated by the police of other government officials?

Wrongful Death: Seeking Justice for Loss of a Loved One

What is Wrongful Death?

Wrongful death occurs when a death is caused by the unlawful actions of law enforcement, including use of deadly force, high-speed pursuits, excessive force, restraints, and more.

Holding Officials Accountable

If you believe a loved one's death was a result of unlawful conduct by government officials, you have legal options to seek justice and compensation for your loss.

Deadly Force: When the Use of Force Becomes Lethal

Protection from Harm

Officers are authorized to use deadly force only when necessary to protect themselves or others from imminent threat of death or great bodily harm.

Objectively Reasonable Belief

An officer must have an objectively reasonable belief that deadly force is necessary to protect themselves or others from death or great bodily harm.

Unlawful Use of Force

If the officer's belief is not objectively reasonable, the use of deadly force can be considered unlawful.

Excessive Force

Unreasonable Force

Law enforcement officers are only permitted to use force that is objectively reasonable in a given situation. Excessive force is a violation of your constitutional rights.

Understanding the Standard

If a reasonable, well-trained officer in the same situation would have known that the force was excessive, then it was unlawful.

Excessive Force

Failure to Intervene: When Witnesses Become Participants

Witnessing a Violation

If a police officer sees a constitutional violation, such as excessive force, and does not attempt to stop it, then that officer may be held liable for the violation.

Duty to Act

Government employees have a duty to uphold the law, including intervening when witnessing unlawful actions like excessive force.

Failure to Intervene

Unlawful Search and Seizure: Protecting Your Freedom, Privacy, and Property

Reasonable Searches

All government searches and seizures must be reasonable. The standard of reasonableness depends on a variety of factors.

Search Warrant Requirement

Searches of homes typically require a warrant. However, warrants may be unnecessary under certain circumstances, such as consent or exigent circumstances.

Reasonable Suspicion

Vehicle searches and "pat-downs" may occur based solely on an officer's reasonable suspicion of criminal activity.

Arrest Warrant Requirement

Every criminal complaint has attached to it an affidavit of probable cause. The affidavit of probable cause is the gatekeeper of your freedom. Police officers are required to put ALL MATERIAL INFORMATION into the affidavit, and they are not allowed to lie or fabricate evidence against you.

Malicious Prosecution: When False Charges Become a Weapon

1

False Criminal Charges

Police officers initiate criminal charges by filing an affidavit of probable cause attached to a criminal complaint.

2

Improper Motive

Malicious prosecution occurs when an officer files false criminal charges for an improper reason, such as personal gain or to punish someone, or with a reckless disregard for the truth.

3

Favorable Termination

You must demonstrate that the criminal proceedings against you resulted in a favorable termination, meaning anything other than a conviction.

4

Lack of Probable Cause

The charges must have been filed without any probable cause, meaning there was no reasonable basis to believe that you committed a crime.

False Arrest/Imprisonment: Protecting Your Freedom from Unlawful Detention

1

Unlawful Seizure

A false arrest occurs when someone is seized without probable cause to believe they committed a crime.

2

Unlawful Detention

If the person is detained after the initial false arrest, it may become false imprisonment if the detention is unlawful.

Prisoner's Rights: Safeguarding Dignity and Human Rights Behind Bars

Protection from Cruel and Unusual Punishment

Incarcerated individuals have the right to be protected from cruel and unusual punishment, including the constitutional right to necessary and adequate medical care. Solitary confinement is another form of cruel and unusual punishment.

First Amendment Rights

Incarcerated individuals retain constitutional rights such as due process, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and equal protection, but these protections are more limited than for the general public.

Conditions of Confinement

Incarcerated individuals are constitutionally guaranteed humane living conditions, adequate medical care, and protection from violence by other inmates, essentially guaranteeing basic necessities and preventing unnecessary suffering.

Students' Rights

Students' Rights: Upholding Freedom and Dignity in Educational Settings

Free Speech

Students can engage in constitutionally protected speech and conduct, as long as it doesn't disrupt the learning environment.

Due Process

Schools must provide notice and a hearing before expelling a student.

Equal Protection

Students have the right to equal protection under the law, meaning schools cannot discriminate based on race or sex.

Bullying

Schools have a legal duty to investigate and take action to keep students safe from bullying and harassment.

First Amendment: Upholding Freedom of Expression and Protecting Your Voice

Your constitutional right to free speech, religion, and assembly is fundamental to our democracy.

Due Process: Safeguarding Your Rights from Unlawful Interference

Protecting Liberty and Property

Protecting Liberty and Property

Due process protects individuals from government interference in their lives.

Notice and Opportunity to Be Heard

Notice and Opportunity to Be Heard

Due process requires notice and a chance to be heard before the government can interfere with your rights.

Equal Protection: Ensuring Fair Treatment for All

Equal Treatment

The Constitution requires the government to treat everyone equally.

Narrowly Tailored Discrimination

Any government action that discriminates against racial minorities must be narrowly tailored to achieve a compelling government interest.

Americans with Disabilities Act: Protecting Individuals with Disabilities

When does the ADA apply?

  • When law enforcement fails to make reasonable accommodations during an arrest
  • When law enforcement misperceives a disability as a crime
  • The ADA requires the government to make reasonable accommodations for people with disabilities.

What are reasonable accommodations during an arrest?

  • Respecting the person's comfort zone
  • Using non-threatening communication (de-escalation)
  • Defusing the situation
  • Assessing whether the person is a threat to themselves or others

Protect Your Civil Rights

Don't let government misconduct go unchallenged. Contact O'Brien Coleman & Wright today to discuss your civil rights case.

Get Legal Help Now